The article discusses the latest results of the research project based on the scientific apparatus of micro-diachronic corpus analysis of Russian adverbs that we are developing. Using the example of the lexeme “okhotno” (“willingly”), it is proven that Russian adverbs for the chronological period from the 18th to the beginning of the 21st centuries undergo certain semantic and functional changes associated with sense differentiation and phenomena of morphological transitivity in the area of part-speech affiliation of lexemes. The material for analysis is the contexts of use of the lexeme, extracted from the subcorpora of the 18th-19th and 20th-21st centuries, created on the basis of the Russian National Corpus. It is shown that the adverb “okhotno” (“willingly”) during the period under study was characterized by a semantic distribution of the unified and syncretic semantics “with desire, with pleasure” indicated in the dictionaries in different spheres: the semantic element “with desire” is assigned to the volitional sphere, and “with pleasure” - to the sensual sphere, and adverbs in these meanings cannot be interchanged in contexts. Also for the period of the 18th-19th centuries the active use of the lexeme “okhotno” (“willingly”) as impersonal predicative was revealed, which was practically not recorded in subsequent periods of the of the Russian language history.
|
