Thermal convection in a horizontal annulus rotating around its own axis is investigated experimentally. The threshold of the averaged convection excitation, the flow structure and heat transfer are studied. It is found that convection can be excited in the annulus with a heated inner boundary as well as a heated outer boundary, and is determined by convective mechanisms of different nature. The centrifugal thermal convection plays the governing role in quickly rotating layer with a heated outer boundary. The thermovibrational mechanism is responsible for the excitation of convection in a layer with a hot inner boundary.
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