This publication continues a series of studies on the history of the defense of Smolensk from the Polish-Lithuanian army in the Time of Troubles (1609-1611). We examine the issue of the power that was considered legitimate by the inhabitants of Smolensk during the interregnum between 1610 and 1611, in the absence of a legitimate monarch. The historiography of this question is considered and various options for dealing with it are discussed. Based on the analysis of historical sources, the author concludes that Smolensk remained loyal to Tsar Vasily Shuisky until November 1610. Then the formula of the oath "To the Moscow State boyars and to all the land" appeared. We examine the history of this formula’s origins and its significance for the defense of Smolensk during the interregnum.
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