The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the introduction of a risk-oriented approach to inspections of business entities in the activities of the Federal Service for Supervision of Transport (Rostransnadzor). The content of the risk-oriented approach is characterized, the mechanism for assigning economic entities to a certain risk category is described, the advantages of this approach are indicated. The priority project "Improving Control and Supervision in Transport in the Russian Federation" is considered. The main areas in the work to introducing a risk-oriented approach in the implementation of the supervisory and oversight activities of Rostransnadzor at the first stage of the reform in 2017 are identified. According to the authors, the work at this stage should be focused on the establishment and evaluation of risk criteria, the definition of risk categories by hazard class and the specifics of the implementation of control measures, as well as an appropriate classification of the subjects being supervised. In this regard, an analysis is given of the recommendations developed by the Institute of Public Service and Management of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, which define the criteria for assessing risk and the methodology for classifying supervised subjects in various risk categories. The basis for the correct classification of subjects by risk category is the availability of full and reliable information about them. Based on the analysis of the mechanism for obtaining information on the risk assessment criteria required for state road supervision, it is concluded that at the moment it is difficult to obtain such information. The authors also conclude that the various documents concerning the implementation of the risk-oriented approach to Rostransnadzor activities are fragmentary, and they are clearly insufficient to cover all the issues that need to be resolved. In the future, it will be necessary to develop and adopt a number of normative, methodological and instructive documents that should be developed on a single conceptual basis to eliminate flaws, gaps and various contradictions between them.
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