The aim of the article is to consider the features of the formation and use of participles in such languages as Sanskrit, Hindustani, Urdu and Punjabi of the Aryan branch and in the Avestian, Talysh, ancient Persian, middle Persian and modern Persian languages of the Iranian branch using the method of comparative analysis. The author comes to the conclusion that in the languages of both branches participles are the most common verbals of the adjective nature. They are used both in attributive and predicative functions, often acting as a predicate instead of conjugated verbal forms. Participles are also used as a «logical predicate» in independent phrases with an adverbial meaning. The future participle is often used in the gerundive function.
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