The article discusses the metamorphoses of Orpheus in Italy in the 16th century from the mythological image of the poet and musician to the iconic figure of the Italian quinquecento and the instrument of political propaganda of the restored Medici dynasty. It is noted that as a poet and theologian, Orpheus presents a completely different image (or even a different historical character) compared to Orpheus the lover - a mythological character. It is concluded that, as a result of various interpretations, during the quinquecento, Orpheus’s mythology turned into an object of manipulation with various explicit and hidden goals.
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