The article considers the project of the Jewish Autonomy in the USSR in 1920s. The ideologists of this project were some Bolsheviks, former members of the Jewish national parties. A number of party rulers supported this idea. The ideologists of this project were some Bolsheviks, former members of the Jewish national parties. It was supposed to equalize the Jews with the rest of the country's population under the then current model of nationalities policy. The author clarifies a number of details related to the so-called «Crimean Project» and the discussion around it that preceded the establishment of the Jewish Autonomous Region in the Far East in 1934.
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