The participation of B.S. Zhukov in the work of the historical and domestic museum of the Nizhny Novgorod region and Moscow ethnographic museums is revealed, where the paleoethnological approach developed by him was tested. The scientific concept of the exposition of the historical and domestic museum of the Nizhny Novgorod Territory, proposed by B.S. Zhukov, is also interpreted as part of its membership in the paleoethnological archaeological school, in the 1920s. opposing school V.A. Gorodtsov. The participation of archaeologist O.N. Bader in the re-exposition of the archaeological department of the Nizhny Novgorod Art and Historical Museum is proved. On the example of the evolution of the archaeological exposition of the Nizhny Novgorod museums of historical profile, prepared including with the participation of one of the founders of archaeological science V.A. Gorodtsov, different approaches to the interpretation of archaeological collections in the scientific and museum spheres are considered. Documents on the participation of the outstanding archaeologist B.S. Zhukov in the creation of a new exposition of the Nizhny Novgorod Art and History Museum in 1924 are published.
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