The purpose of the work is to study certain aspects of the formation and development of the criminal subculture as an integral feature of professional crime in Russia in the pre-revolutionary period. The research methodology includes such methods as dialectical, logical, systemic, functional and some others. Conclusions are drawn about the formation of a system of spiritual and material values in Russia at the end of the XIX - beginning of the XX century, regulating and ordering the way of life of criminal communities.
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