Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny NovgorodThe purpose of the work: following the main trend in the development of modern natural science education and the provisions contained in the Concept of teaching the subject "Physics" in educational institutions of the Russian Federation, to show that cognitive and the simplest methodological skills of students are successfully formed during the study of the propaedeutic course of physics. The developed technique is one of the variants of the technique known as "learning through discovery". The basis of the methodology is the formation and development of physical representations and concepts based on a problematic qualitative experiment. The methods used in teaching the created course take into account the specifics of the cognitive activity of students of each age, and provide for the expansion and complication of objects and methods of independent cognitive activity of students. At the same time, the teacher directs the student's search activity, gradually giving him experimental tasks of a higher level of complexity, hoping that he will be able to independently obtain the required cognitive content from the object of assimilation. A long-term pedagogical experiment conducted within the framework of the children's research club "Kulibin" of the UNN and a number of schools in Nizhny Novgorod shows that the methodology is effective, since it allows students to form cognitive skills during research activities at different stages of studying physics in the system of additional education in primary and secondary schools. Monitoring the further education of students in secondary school makes it possible to confirm the conclusion about the effectiveness of the developed methodology and allows it to be improved.
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