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Title of Article

LEGAL PERSONS OF VIRTUAL REALITY: ISSUES OF LEGAL STATUS AND IDENTIFICATION


Issue
3
Date
2025

Article type
scientific article
UDC
349:004
Pages
74-81
Keywords
 


Authors
Dolunts V.S.
Moskovskiy gosudarstvennyy yuridicheskiy universitet im. O.E. Kutafina


Abstract
The approach to determining the legal status of legal persons in virtual reality (VR) is substantiated. A new concept of VR is proposed, suggesting that VR will evolve into an environment where legal persons can acquire rights and obligations. Such virtual realities will be subject to current legislation as well as the platform's usage rules. A comparative analysis of the terms «digital twin», «digital avatar», and «digital profile» is conducted, concluding that «digital avatar» is the most appropriate term to describe legal persons in VR. Particular attention is paid to identification, which is highlighted as a key element in establishing the legal status of VR legal persons. While its implementation is crucial, it requires assessing all potential risks. Mandatory identification may deter users from engaging with VR, leading to a proposal for varying levels of identification based on the nature of actions performed in VR. Such identification would adhere to specific legal and ethical principles. The mutual recognition of rights and obligations between the real and virtual worlds is explored, alongside the legal implications of digital avatar actions, issues of legal capacity, and the regulation of virtual legal entities.

File (in Russian)