The process of the shaping of the central idea of Slavophilism, Orthodoxy, that eventually became a stumbling block between the Westernizers and the Slavophiles, is considered. The author argues that self-cognition, which became the main goal of Wisdom-Lovers, led the founder of Slavophilism I.V. Kireevsky long before 1839 to the idea that Orthodoxy was the basis of Russian people's identity. A.S. Khomyakov and P.V. Kireevsky held to this idea when they were searching for national singularity in the second half of 1820s and when the question of Orthodoxy's role in the history of Russia was especially pointed. The understanding of this phenomenon has become the reason for the evolution from the philosophy of Wisdom-Lovers to Slavophilism.
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