The basic principles of advanced structural models of single-walled and multiwalled carbon nanotubes are presented. The specific characteristics of these models are taken into account in deriving the system of equations describing in terms of continuum mechanics thermal deformation of both the carbon nanotubes and composites based on them. In order to take into account the deformation of atomic bonds in the structure of carbon nanotubes the harmonic potential is used, which corresponds to the physical nature of the elastic potential energy of the bond connecting a pair of interacting atoms. This approach made it possible to develop a beam model in an arbitrarily chosen plane of graphite carbon nanotube and to determine its effective characteristics using mathematical modeling of various ways of its loading.
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