Military intelligence was an important part of Sasanian art of war. Sasanian military command used various sources of intelligence. The structure and organization of the Persian military intelligence as well as coordination and effectiveness of its activities were not inferior to the Roman one. Furthermore, at some stages of history the efficiency of Sasanian military intelligence was superior to Roman intelligence service. Obvious parallels between the organization of the Persian and Roman military intelligence confirm the idea of similarity between the Late Roman and Sasanian military systems. Traditions of intelligence activities elaborated in Sasanian Iran remained relevant in subsequent periods, and thus made a significant impact on the further evolution of the military intelligence in the Middle East.
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