The article presents an analysis of the newly discovered message of the Russian diplomat Vasily Tyapkin about an adventurer who appeared in Zaporozhye in 1670s and who allegedly pretended to be the late Tsarevich Aleksey Alekseyevich. By comparing the data from different sources and scholarly literature, the author of the article comes to the conclusion that the diplomat's report concerned another impostor, False Simeon (Vorobyov). The newly found source highlights some earlier unknown sides of his history and reflects the interest in the impostor on the part of Jan III Sobieski' entourage and also of the king of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth himself. It follows from the document that the Poles did not believe in the authenticity of one of the self-proclaimed sons of the Tsar Aleksey Mikhaylovich.
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